Charge-forming device for internal-combustion engines.



J. WATTS. CHARGE FORMING DEVICE EOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 21-1913.

1,191,488. Patented July 18, 1916.

WWII/JIM JOHN WATTS, OF KANSAS QITY, 'MISSOURI.

' GHARGE -FORMING\DEVICE FORTNTERNAL-COMIBUSTION ENGINES.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, Jo 'N WATTs, acitizen of the United States, residing at Kansas City, in the county of Jackson and State of- Missouri, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Charge-Forming Devices for Internal- Combustion -Engines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to charge forming devices for-internal combustion engines, and my object is to provide in connection with this type of enginemeans for utilizing kero sene oi other similar grades of liquid hydrocarbons as an efficient and satisfactory fuel for operating the engine. In carrying-out this object, I have devised an apparatus for heating air by means of the exhaust gases of the engine and conducting the air so heated to a point adj acent. the intake manifold where it is caused to vaporize the oil as the latter is fed into the engine.

With this general object in view, the in-' vention consists in certain 'novel and peculiar features of construction and organiza tion as hereinafter described and claimed; and in order that it may be fully understood reference is to be had to the acc0m-' panying drawing, in which Figure 1, is a side elevation, partly in section, of the engine of an automob1le and the exhaust manifold thereof withmy improved means applied thereto. Flg. 2, 1s a vertical section through the thermostat element, and Fig. 3,-is a section on the line III-III of Fig; 1 these sections being on enlarged scales. Fig. 4, is a section on the l ne IVIV of Fig. 2.

Referring to the drawing, the cylinders 2 of the engine are provided with the usual intake manifold 4 and exhaust man fold In I a portion of the exhaust manifold 1s coiled a pipe 8 so as to subject the same to the heating action of the exhaust gases. For supplying air to this pipe 8, a rotary pump 10 isprovided and adapted to be drlven from the cam shaft 12 of the. engine. This pump is of the positive action type, comprislng the rotary disk 14 mounted on said shaft and centrifugalsliding blades ,16 adapted to take air from the lnlet opening 18 and force the same throughthe pipe 20, which conducts air to the pipe 8. This pump is so con structed that its pulsations will be properly timed to the piston movements of the different engine cy inders. The heated air isled Specification of Letters Patent. I

away from the coil Patented July 18,1916.

Application filed June 21, 1913. Serial No. 775,019.

8 through a pipe 22 in which is located a thermostat 24 of a wellknown type for regulating the admittance of air into the pipe 22, as required to maintain the air below a given temperature. This thermostat comprises a chamber 26 provided with a sensitive temperature-change recording element in the form of a diaphragmchamber 28 containing alcohol 30, or other suitable thermometric -liquid, the degree of sensitiveness of which element may be regulated by means of a screw 32. The recording element is connected by a rod 34 with one arm of a'bell crank 36 which is pivoted upon the thermostat. The other arm, of the bell crank is connected by a link 38 with an extension 40 toa sleeve.,42, the purpose of which is to act as a valve for regulating the admittance of air into the pipe 22' through the opening 44 therein, the movement of the sleeve being controlled by the movements of the dia phragm'28 transmitted through the rod 34, bell "crank 36 and link 38. To insure a supply of external air to pipe 22, through opening 44 when the same is uncovered by sleeve 42, the pipe 22 is provided internally with a nozzle or reduced portion 45 which extends across the opening 44, to produce an injecting action on the outside air. chamber 28 the heated air enters an injector '46 which discharges into the intake manifold An oil feed plpe 48 ponnects the injector w1th the float chamber 50 which surrounds the injector and provides an air intake open ing 52 around the latter. Within the float chamber is mounted the usual float 56 which operates a needle valve 58, controlling communication .with the oil-supply pipe 60 com- ,munica-ting with the reservoir, not shown,

for containing kerosene or a similar: grade of llqu'ld hydrocarbon. "A check-valve 62 starting purposes, gasodene will be drawn from a tank 64 which communicates through a pipe 66 with the intake 'of the pump 10,

*from where, it follows the path described to the injector. The thermostat is set to operate the valve 42 to admit additional air whenever the air from the coil is heated From theregulates the supply of auxiliary air. For

above a given temperature, so that no air above that temperature will be allowed to mix with the oil at the injector thereby guarding against supplying any air to the injector that will be hot enough to ignite the oil. The 7 air passes forcibly through the injector under the driving action of the pump, and oil is drawn out through the pipe 48 under the combined action of the injecfalling within the tor'and the suction of the engine. The oil is thereby completely broken up and'vaporized by the hot air and discharged into the intake manifold along with whatever additional air is sucked through the intake opening 52.

It will thus be seen that I have produced a very simple and efi'ective apparatus for vaporizing the liquid fuel used by means of the heat of the exhaust and that this means may be safely employed when arranged as described without any dangerof exceeding a given temperature at theinjector, since.

the apparatus is self regulating in this respect.

While I have illustrated the preferred mode of carrying out my invention, it is to be understood that I do not limit myself thereto, but reserve the right to all changes spirit and scope of the appended claims.

I claim v 1. In an internal combustionengina the combination with the intake and exhaust conduits, an air-pipe passing through a portion of the exhaust conduit and communicating with the intake conduit, said pipe -cating with the intake conduit at the having an opening intermediate the exhaust and. intake conduits, anda sleeve controlling passage through-said opening, a

thermostat in said pipe between said opening and the intake conduit, and connections between said thermostat and sleeve for operating-the latter to admit air intosaid pipe for maintaining the temperature of the air,

supplied to the intake conduit below a given point. I

. 2. In a charge forming device for internal I combustion engines, the combination with the lntake and exhaust conduits, of a liquid fuel supply communicating-with the intake conduit, an air-pipe passing through a porplied to the intake conduit/below a given point.

In testimony whereof, I aflix my signature, in the presence of two witnesses.

- JOHN WATTS. Witnessesz H. C. Ronenns, Gr. Y. THORPE. 

